Flap Surgery is a technique in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery wherein a tissue is picked up from a donor site and moved to the recipient site with an intact blood supply. It is different from the grafting technique which relies on the growth of new blood cells.
There are three types of Flap Surgeries available- Periodontal Flap Surgery, Gum Flap Surgery and Gingival Flap Surgery.
Periodontal Flap Surgery, also known as pocket depth reduction procedure, refers to the state of the art technique and surgical treatment done to repair the periodontal pockets. It is generally performed when the bone loss has been diagnosed and to eliminate the entire decayed pocket.
During the Periodontal Flap Surgery, anesthesia is applied to the gum areas to make it numb. Thereafter, a small incision is made to eliminate the excess gum using dental tools. Each tooth is then spotlessly cleaned to prevent bone loss. The dentist then cleans the roots of the tooth and repairs bone damaged by the gum disease. The gum flap is then sewn back into place and covered with gauze to prevent bleeding.
Gingival Flap Surgery is a surgical procedure wherein the gums are segregated from the teeth and creased back temporarily so that the dentist can access the root of the tooth and bone. It is done to treat the gum disease and is often recommended for people suffering from advanced periodontitis.
First of all, the area to be operated will be numbed with a local anesthetic. Subsequently, the periodontist will segregate the gums of the teeth by making an incision through scalpel. The gums will be folded back in the form of a flap. This allows periodontist to access the roots and bones supporting the teeth. Infected tissues are removed from the teeth and the bone. The entire area is carefully cleaned and all plaque and tartar is removed from the root. Following that the gums will be placed against the teeth and fixed by using stitches.
Cosmetic Gum Flap Surgery is a procedure where the surgeon smoothen and restructure the bone surrounding the teeth. The surgeon also graft bone utilizing a variety of materials during a procedure known as bone graft to assist the growth of healthy tissues in the affected area. Patients suffering from periodontist can also undergo Osseous surgery. This surgery is performed to get rid of the holes by reconstructing the bone.
Flap surgical procedures generally take between 1 to 3 hours, depending upon the severity of the case. The cost of flap surgery in India is quite affordable as compared to the treatments offered in U.S.A and U.K.
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